Testimony in Debt (Comparative Study of QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 282 Perspective of Interpretation of Jalalain and Tarjuman al-Mustafid)

Muhammad Saiful Khair, Nor Faridatunnisa

Abstract


In debts, testimony is important. Often, conflicts and disputes arise in society because there is no testimony in the agreements made. Departing from this problem, the author is interested in exploring the concept of testimony contained in QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 282 the interpretation perspective of Jalalain and Tarjuman al-Mustafid. These two books were chosen because Tarjuman al-Mustafid is the first book of exegesis written in full and intact in Malay land. Meanwhile, Jalalain's book was chosen because this book is widely used by the majority of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia in the study of interpretation, and is recognized by some experts as having a close relationship with Tarjuman al-Mustafid. This paper uses the comparative method as a building framework, namely comparing the concept of testimony offered by the two interpretations, then analyzing it with a socio-historical approach. The results of the study show that there are differences in interpretation. In Jalalain's interpretation, the witness is required to be a Muslim who has reached puberty and is independent. Meanwhile, in the interpretation of Tarjuman al-Mustafid, as-Sinkili does not provide any conditions for witnesses. However, for the rules of gender and number that must be presented in testimony, these two commentary books mention the same thing. This difference in interpretation is due to differences in the socio-historical conditions surrounding the two authors. Jalalain added that the conditions for reaching puberty and independence are because they live in an area where slavery is still a culture. While as-Sinkili wrote his interpretation in Aceh which does not adhere to the slavery system.


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